Discernment – Wisdom From the Word

Presence and Purpose

I was visiting with a friend and he asked a question. I honestly don’t remember the question, what struck me was my answer. I responded, “Out of presence comes purpose.” While that may not have any deep meaning for you, it had a significant impact on me. I have had that happen a number of times over the years, saying something and realizing the significance of it as I hear it. Which from my perspective is His wisdom. In essence I am learning something as I say it!

In the moment I saw the scriptural significance of the phrase, “Out of presence comes purpose.” Here is one example. In Ephesians Paul informs us of both the how of our salvation and the reason for it.

⁸ For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, ⁹ not of works, lest anyone should boast. ¹⁰ For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them. Ephesians 2:8–10 (NKJV)

Any good evangelical can quote Ephesians 2:8-9. While it is great to understand our salvation and know that it is by grace and not works, what most leave out is verse 10. It informs us that our new birth is His workmanship, and that we were reborn through Jesus to walk in good works, works that He previously prepared for us to walk in. In essence our purpose.

Now, in spite of what this passage tells us, my experience and that of other is that when asked, beyond generalities, most Christians cannot articulate the specific purpose for their lives. What specifically have they been called to walk in? Which takes us to my comment, “out of presence comes purpose.” I don’t know about you but my experience is that when I spend time sitting in His presence and meditating on His word, I receive greater clarity of purpose. There is a clarifying of the good works He previously prepared for me to walk in.

Now, we all miss things, it was one of the Greek philosophers, Heraclitus, who said, “You can’t step in the same river twice.” We can’t and some of the things He has prepared for us to walk in have passed us by. Yet when we draw near to His heart, He doesn’t focus on what we missed, He focuses on the opportunities still before us! I am confident that I have missed many opportunities but I choose to focus on His presence to walk in my present purpose.

Let’s practically apply this to our lives. Think of Jesus ministry. He had a habit of getting into the Father’s presence each morning to receive instructions for the day. As a result, He knew when He would encounter Zacchaeus gazing at Him from up a tree, invite him down and Himself to Zacchaeus house for a celebratory meal. He knew He had an appointment with a woman at a well in Samaria. Other times He received information from the Father in the moment, such as knowing what His detractors were thinking when He healed the paralytic who had been lowered through the roof.

In a similar manner, as we seek presence we find purpose. We may have a sense to call someone and encourage them or call and check in on them. Those are good works He prepared for us that day. We may pause to pray at a coffee break at work and have a sense to pray for a specific individual or speak with a colleague later that day – out of presence comes purpose. This is a simple but profound and exciting walk. We get to have an audience with Jesus to receive direction during our day. If we don’t receive specific instructions we simply walk faithfully before Him each day and await further instructions as we seek His face and heart. As we are faithful in this a broader sense of our purpose emerges.

Thus, if we want clarity of purpose, we need to value and seek presence.

Entering into Rest

Rest, a comforting word, yet at times we may question how attainable it is in our hectic culture. To understand how to attain rest it is important to understand the scriptural concept. If we go back to Yahweh’s original purpose in creation it says that He rested on the seventh day after completing creation (Genesis 2:2-3). This later became an established pattern in the ten commandments (Exodus 20:4) where the Israelites were commanded to honour and keep the sabbath day. One day of rest out of seven. However, we see a shift with the writer of Hebrews. In his long sermon, he contrasts historical understandings with a new covenant. The writer of Hebrews shows how the new covenant is better than the old, how the law is now written on our hearts rather than stone tablets, how Jesus’ priesthood is far superior to the Levitical priesthood and he addresses sabbath. He takes the concept of a sabbath day, a day of rest, and shifts it to the concept of rest as a state of being. Something we will now look at.

Initially the writer of Hebrews tells us two seemingly contradictory things. He tells us that rest is available and that as believers we have already entered it. Yet is that our experience? Here are the scriptures.

¹ Therefore, since a promise remains of entering His rest, let us fear lest any of you seem to have come short of it. ² For indeed the gospel was preached to us as well as to them; but the word which they heard did not profit them, not being mixed with faith in those who heard it. ³ For we who have believed do enter that rest, as He has said: “So I swore in My wrath, ‘They shall not enter My rest,’” although the works were finished from the foundation of the world. ⁴ For He has spoken in a certain place of the seventh day in this way: “And God rested on the seventh day from all His works”; ⁵ and again in this place: “They shall not enter My rest.” ⁶ Since therefore it remains that some must enter it, and those to whom it was first preached did not enter because of disobedience, ⁷ again He designates a certain day, saying in David, “Today,” after such a long time, as it has been said: “Today, if you will hear His voice, Do not harden your hearts.” ⁸ For if Joshua had given them rest, then He would not afterward have spoken of another day. ⁹ There remains therefore a rest for the people of God. ¹⁰ For he who has entered His rest has himself also ceased from his works as God did from His. ¹¹ Let us therefore be diligent to enter that rest, lest anyone fall according to the same example of disobedience. Hebrews 4:1-11 (NKJV)

Contextually the passage tells us in verse 1 that rest is available to us and in verse 3 that we who have believed, that is those who have been born again, have entered into rest. Then verse 11 exhorts us to enter rest. Thus, we need to make sense of these seemingly contradictory messages. The answer lies in understanding the ‘already not yet’ nature of the kingdom. George Eldon Ladd was a famous American theologian and Baptist Minister (though he was born in Alberta). One of the concepts he popularized in the 20^th Century was the ‘already not yet’ nature of the kingdom of God. Jesus inaugurated the kingdom at His first coming, He will fully consummate it at His return. In this present state we can by faith lay hold of that which is not fully ‘yet.’ That is what Hebrews is getting at.

At the new birth we transferred kingdoms.

¹³ He has delivered us from the power of darkness and conveyed us into the kingdom of the Son of His love, Colossians 1:13 (NKJV)

By faith we lay hold of this reality when we recognize where we are seated and set our minds there.

²⁰ which He worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, ²¹ far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come. ²² And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church, Ephesians 1:20–22 (NKJV)

¹ If then you were raised with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ is, sitting at the right hand of God. ² Set your mind on things above, not on things on the earth. Colossians 3:1–2 (NKJV)

Thus, when we recognize that spiritually we are already living in a place of rest (seated with Christ) we can taste of it and experience it now. If we desire rest then our next step is to by faith step into that which we already possess, to meditate on this reality so we tangibly experience it in our lives.

How we Hear

In my last post I referenced the importance of pairing practical wisdom with spiritual understanding. Here I want to focus more on the specifics of how we apply them when it comes to hearing His voice. First, I draw your attention to scripture then share and analyze an example from my own life. Granted this example is not the normal process for me but it does highlight how we can hear and the importance of how we initially respond to what we hear. Now to scripture. There are two very relevant passages to look at in relation to hearing His voice.

¹⁴ For God may speak in one way, or in another, Yet man does not perceive it. Job 33:14 (NKJV)

¹¹ For what man knows the things of a man except the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so no one knows the things of God except the Spirit of God. ¹² Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might know the things that have been freely given to us by God. 1 Corinthians 2:11–12 (NKJV)

The passage from Job tells us that just because God is speaking, it doesn’t mean we are listening. For me a clear implication is that we need to train our hearts to hear. The 1 Corinthians 2 passage tells us that we know things in/by our spirit and that the Holy Spirit reveals to us the things of God. Again, it means we need to apply natural wisdom and pay spiritual attention. I am quite convinced that He is regularly saying more than what we are hearing. In my own life I find it important to daily centre my heart on Him and seek to be sensitive to His voice. When I do hear or perceive something He is saying there is always a three-step process, Revelation, Interpretation, Application. In short there is what I hear, then there is a need to interpret what I hear and lastly the need to know how to apply it, again, wisdom and spiritual understanding. It can become quite automatic in our lives if we engage in this process regularly. Below is an example of how I walked through this process and had to be sensitive to His voice, in this case images, to engage in Revelation, Interpretation and Application. I haven’t had an ongoing revelation like this on any other occasion.

A couple of years ago I was praying for a friend. I have committed to daily prayer for he and his ministry. As I was praying, unbidden I had an image of him sitting on an old farm wagon. He was on the seat with reins in his hand and there was a team of horses hitched to the wagon. I knew the wagon was filled with supplies for people. I could have dismissed this as just my imagination but it wasn’t something I had been seeking so I shared this with my friend and he was blessed as he had grown up on a farm and could relate to the image. It fit into his life story. I saw the supplies as being spiritual food he had to share with those to whom he ministered, which he agreed was accurate. A couple of weeks later while I was praying for my friend, not thinking about this, I again saw him on the wagon. This time he was at the loading dock of an old general store and others were helping him to load the wagon with supplies. This meant that he wasn’t alone in his ministry. He was leading, he was in the driver’s seat, but others were helping. A week or so later the image continued. At this stage I saw my friend driving the wagon to deliver supplies to others but this time Jesus was sitting beside him with His arm around his shoulder. This meant that Jesus could and would direct as to whom to deliver his supplies. It also meant that Jesus was intimately involved in his ministry. The final factor is the setting. It was like an old Western town. Scripture tells us that if we remember and walk in the old paths, we will find rest for our souls (Jeremiah 6:16). My friend’s ministry is about bringing struggling leaders to a place of rest in the Lord. He saw the setting as speaking to functioning in his calling in a steady measured and unhurried way. A horse and wagon can’t keep up to our modern hurried lifestyle, but that was the point. He was called to lead people into rest.

Now, I don’t know how many of us will have an experience like I did. I used it to illustrate ongoing discernment, Revelation, Interpretation and Application. More generally when praying for others I have standard things I pray but at times the Spirit lays something more specific on my heart for a specific individual or ministry. At other times I have an impression to call someone and share something the Spirit is saying. Yet all of this is rooted in learning to sensitize our hearts to His voice. A key part of this is not missing the spiritual looking for the supernatural. It is also a matter of not trying to manufacture something He isn’t saying. We are all called to a walk of simple and faithful obedience.

How is He speaking to you today?

Wisdom and Spiritual Understanding

I would like you to join me in exploring Colossians 1:9.

⁹ For this reason we also, since the day we heard it, do not cease to pray for you, and to ask that you may be filled with the knowledge of His will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding; Colossians 1:9 (NKJV)

Here Paul’s prayer is that the believers in Colosse, and by extension us, would be ‘filled with the knowledge of His will.’ That is, that the priority in our lives would be knowing, and of course walking in, His will. Paul’s prayer comes with a qualifier.

The qualifier is in the latter part of the verse. The NKJV presents this latter part as ‘wisdom and spiritual understanding.’ In Greek it is literally written as ‘wisdom and understanding spiritual.’ Of our many modern translations some have it as wisdom and spiritual understanding and others as spiritual wisdom and understanding.

I believe wisdom and spiritual understanding is an accurate rendering of the Greek text because there is both natural and spiritual wisdom and natural and spiritual understanding, here Paul seems to be trying communicate the importance of both. This is similar to his language in 1 Corinthians where Paul connects the natural and the spiritual realms.

⁴⁶ However, the spiritual is not first, but the natural, and afterward the spiritual. ⁴⁷ The first man was of the earth, made of dust; the second Man is the Lord from heaven. ⁴⁸ As was the man of dust, so also are those who are made of dust; and as is the heavenly Man, so also are those who are heavenly. ⁴⁹ And as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly Man. 1 Corinthians 15:46–49 (NKJV)

We have all likely heard the expression that someone is ‘so heavenly minded they are no earthly good.’ The converse being the danger of being ‘so earthly minded they are no heavenly good.’

Neither of the above positions is correct. We need both natural and spiritual wisdom and understanding. We need to learn to discern what to do by looking around and we need to draw on wisdom from heaven to walk wisely and uprightly before Him. In terms of practical wisdom Proverbs is dedicated to the practical understanding and use of wisdom. Proverbs highlights the importance of developing practical wisdom, understanding and knowledge anchored in the fear of Yahweh (Proverbs 1:7).

Spiritual understanding, the kind Paul referenced in Colossians 1:9, comes from a different place. It comes from cultivating a sensitivity to the Spirit and learning to follow His leading. We need both, we may for example learn from Proverbs how to behave wisely in business dealings with others. Yet a deal can look good and we have a sense in our spirit that something is simply not right so we choose not to enter into the deal. This is spiritual understanding. The same application could be made in terms of how to navigate relationships in or outside the body of Christ. In light of this let’s seek to marry practical wisdom and spiritual understanding in our walk with Jesus.

Spiritual Opposition

Here we take a look at how we walk through deep spiritual waters. I last wrote about how Yahweh hides things for us rather than from us. An aspect of that is how the spiritual realm affects the natural realm. There is more in the spirit realm than simply the Father, Son, Spirit and a few angels. The heavenlies are filled with various spiritual creatures and not all of them are good. When it comes to how spiritual opposition functions Paul lays some of it out for us in Ephesians 6.

¹⁰ Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord and in the power of His might. ¹¹ Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. ¹² For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places. ¹³ Therefore take up the whole armor of God, that you may be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand. Ephesians 6:10–13 (NKJV)

While Paul tells us in some detail how living in and out of Ephesians 6 brings victory, in Thessalonians he also addresses the impact of this spiritual opposition.

¹⁸ Therefore we wanted to come to you – even I, Paul, time and again – but Satan hindered us. 1 Thessalonians 2:18 (NKJV)

We know from these two passages that as believers we are in a spiritual battle and that this battle can derail what He has called us to do. Paul also warned the Corinthians about spiritual deception.

³ But I fear, lest somehow, as the serpent deceived Eve by his craftiness, so your minds may be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. 2 Corinthians 11:3 (NKJV)

¹³ For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into apostles of Christ. ¹⁴ And no wonder! For Satan himself transforms himself into an angel of light. ¹⁵ Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also transform themselves into ministers of righteousness, whose end will be according to their works. 2 Corinthians 11:13–15 (NKJV)

We see here that Satan’s tactics can not only hinder our activity for the kingdom, they can also raise up opposition against us through people who seek to lead God’s people astray. Which means we need to learn how to walk in both natural and spiritual understanding (Colossians 1:9). wisdom

From a purely spiritual perspective, I don’t know if you have experienced this. Some decades ago, I was the interim pastor of a small country church. I lived about twenty minutes away in another county. I would be in the church office trying to prepare a sermon, nothing would come, the scriptures didn’t make a lot of sense. Yet more than once when driving home, around where I crossed the border into the county where I lived, I would receive a download of information for my sermon. At times I would pull over on the highway and write down notes as ideas came flooding in. The sermons themselves were generally easy to deliver but there was a spiritual battle in the area of preparation. Satan sought to hinder me.

In a similar vein when I worked in the social services field and would drive from our country acreage to the city for work, at times I would feel the weight of spiritual oppression as I reached the outskirts of the city. For me these issues highlight the need for spiritual awareness on our part as we seek to walk in obedience and extend the kingdom.

Another example from my life is at times feeling a generalized spiritual heaviness and a sense of malaise. To deal with these issues I learned to engage in worship and as I did so the heaviness would lift over time. Isaiah referred to this as the ‘garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness.’

³ To console those who mourn in Zion, To give them beauty for ashes, The oil of joy for mourning, The garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; That they may be called trees of righteousness, The planting of the Lord, that He may be glorified. Isaiah 61:3 (NKJV)

Now we look at what to do with these examples. The commonality in them is the need to first discern the problem, recognize that it is spiritual opposition, then engage in prayer/spiritual warfare/worship to achieve a breakthrough. Part of the battle is understanding what took place at our conversion. In Colossians 1 when Paul lets the believers in Colosse know he is praying for them to know and be filled with the Father’s will in all ‘wisdom and spiritual understanding’ he then talks about how they have been transferred from the kingdom of darkness to the kingdom of light. To achieve victory, we need to know who He, who we are, and what took place at our conversion. Applying these truths helps you to walk in victory over spiritual opposition, so apply them!

The Spirit of Prophecy

I don’t know how many of you are familiar with the idea of prophecy as a spiritual gift. I will provide a brief overview for you as to how it is used and taught in the New Testament. It is something we see practiced in Acts and taught on in 1 Corinthians. In Acts 13 where the Spirit speaks through one or more the those ministering to the Lord and fasting Paul and Barnabas are commissioned into their apostolic ministries (Acts 13:1-3). In Acts 21:9 we are told that Phillip had four daughters who prophesied. Paul lists prophecy as gift of the Spirit, (1 Corinthians 12:10) and in 1 Corinthians 14:1-5 he highlights the importance of the gift then in 14:31 says we can ‘all prophesy.’ In Acts 11:27-30 Agabus via the spirit of prophecy predicts a famine which leads the church to practical action. In Acts 21:10-11 Agabus prophetically warns of what will happen to Paul if he continues his journey to Jerusalem.

The above examples show you how prophecy is used to release and commission as well as warn and prepare. In these examples prophecy is used to build up the body of Christ. Prophecy has been described as ‘God’s mind for the moment.’ It is a good definition of how He speaks to prepare or direct us as needed in differing circumstances (He also uses dreams and visions). In general, prophetic words from the Spirit are given for the following purposes.

³ But he who prophesies speaks edification and exhortation and comfort to men. 1 Corinthians 14:3 (NKJV)

Prophecy is given to strengthen, guide and encourage the body.

As it relates to popular modern practices you may be familiar with the numerous internet prophets and those who provide a ‘word from the Lord’ at the beginning on each new year. On the surface a good thing. Yet upon examination, the majority of those who release these prophecies, are mostly wrong and much of what they release can be discerned by following the news. This is not what the scriptures focus on in terms of the gift of prophecy. The gifts are to be exercised in the context of the body of Christ and subject to examination by other members of the body, not used as a platform to draw people and resources to the ‘prophet.’

I am not saying this to discount prophecy, I deeply value and appreciate the gift and think we need it in every season of the church. However, I think when exercising the gift you need guidelines. Not surprisingly scripture does provide sound guidelines for the exercise of spiritual gifts. In 1 Corinthians 13 Paul presents love as the motivation for the exercise of any spiritual gift, then in 1 Corinthians 14 he moves from highlighting motivation to looking at the actual exercise of the gifts in general and prophesy in particular.

²⁶ How is it then, brethren? Whenever you come together, each of you has a psalm, has a teaching, has a tongue, has a revelation, has an interpretation. Let all things be done for edification. ²⁷ If anyone speaks in a tongue, let there be two or at the most three, each in turn, and let one interpret. ²⁸ But if there is no interpreter, let him keep silent in church, and let him speak to himself and to God. ²⁹ Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others judge. ³⁰ But if anything is revealed to another who sits by, let the first keep silent. ³¹ For you can all prophesy one by one, that all may learn and all may be encouraged. ³² And the spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets. ³³ For God is not the author of confusion but of peace, as in all the churches of the saints. 1 Corinthians 14:26–33 (NKJV)

In the passage above Paul shows how the exercise of prophesy is for the edification of the body, is to be exercised with restraint, and subject to discernment by the rest of the body. You may be wondering why I am writing about this. First because I believe He placed it on my heart. Secondly the Spirit gives these gifts because we need them. I am aware that sadly many in the church today reject these gifts and focus on scripture alone. I am all for scripture as anyone who knows me can attest. Yet the scriptures don’t tell me what vehicle to buy, where to live, what job to accept or numerous other things. The scriptures don’t say whether a given congregation should go to two services or plant a daughter church.

In my experience many fellow believers allow circumstances to dictate their choices, yet scripture says we are to be led by the Spirit (Romans 8:14). Which means we need to hear His voice. The scriptures provide guidelines for discernment and counsel but those things are meant as aids not replacements for hearing His voice, whether by ourselves or through something He speaks to someone else for you or I.

Importantly, the ultimate purpose of prophecy is to make us like Jesus. After all the closing words of Revelation 19:10 (NKJV) tell us, “the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.” One way you and I exemplify this is walking like Jesus, listening to and obeying the Spirit, whether individually or corporately.

The Glory of His Inheritance Part 3

I previously wrote about what Abraham long anticipated and noted that it was tied to what Yahweh wanted, a dwelling place. The time and place where Abraham will see his dream realized is recorded for us in scripture. We find it in Revelation, and more importantly, we find that it is also what Jesus has been longing for and anticipating.

² Then I, John, saw the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. Revelation 21:2 (NKJV)

Aside from it being a theme in scripture, the most significant thing about what Abraham was seeking is that it was and is what Jesus is seeking. The consummation of Jesus desire will be found in this city, ‘whose builder and maker is God’ (Hebrews 11:10b). My friend Evelyn stepped from time into eternity many years ago but she often referred to ‘the church which Jesus is building.’ This church is His city, the new Jerusalem, which is also His bride.

⁹ Then one of the seven angels who had the seven bowls filled with the seven last plagues came to me and talked with me, saying, “Come, I will show you the bride, the Lamb’s wife.” ¹⁰ And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great and high mountain, and showed me the great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God, ¹¹ having the glory of God. Her light was like a most precious stone, like a jasper stone, clear as crystal. Revelation 21:9–11 (NKJV)

While the church is often referred to as the ‘bride of Christ,’ in scripture the bride is also the city, the new Jerusalem. Whether or not it is a literal city is not the point of John’s vision. The primary message is that it is His dwelling place. That has always been the cry of His heart since He created the earth with Eden, an open dwelling place in and with His people. When Yahweh began His redemption plan for humanity He expressed His desire to Moses in Exodus. The Law, as we know it, was a marriage covenant between Yahweh and Israel. After the giving of the Law the next step was the construction of the Tabernacle. We are told why it needed to be constructed.

⁸ And let them make Me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them. Exodus 25:8 (NKJV)

His heart has always been to dwell with and among His people. Creation started this way in the garden, was broken through Adam and Eve partaking of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil and the release of sin throughout creation. Yahweh immediately began the restoration process He had planned (the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world 1Peter 1:19-20, Revelation 13:8). When this plan reaches completion, we hear a cry of triumph ringing forth in Revelation in relation to Jesus’ bride.

⁶ And I heard, as it were, the voice of a great multitude, as the sound of many waters and as the sound of mighty thunderings, saying, “Alleluia! For the Lord God Omnipotent reigns! ⁷ Let us be glad and rejoice and give Him glory, for the marriage of the Lamb has come, and His wife has made herself ready.” ⁸ And to her it was granted to be arrayed in fine linen, clean and bright, for the fine linen is the righteous acts of the saints. Revelation 19:6–8 (NKJV)

From the birth of the church Jesus has been actively working to conform His church to His image, a helpmate and suitable bride.

In the coming forth of the bride Jesus has always been faithful to do His part, yet we also have a part. It says, ‘His wife has made herself ready.’ This is why in his ministry Paul was so focused on seeing the church come to maturity, being conformed to the image of Jesus. This is the bride making herself ready. We enter into the proper preparations when we embrace His call to spiritual maturity, the laying down of our agendas and the taking up or His cross. Let’s all do our part to see Jesus receive the glory of His inheritance!

The Glory of His Inheritance Part 2

Think back to something you waited for with great anticipation – it may be a thing or an event. We have all had moments in our lives. I know in my experience the event sometimes matches the anticipation and at other times it doesn’t. I know a common experience in our culture is that many things are promoted via empty hype, the phenomenon of over promising and under delivering. Yet I am confident it is not going to be that way for Jesus. As previously noted, He went to the cross, ‘for the joy set before Him,’ and Isaiah wrote of Jesus being satisfied by the travail or anguish of His soul (Isaiah 53:11a). Now we will look at what will satisfy Jesus, what will being Him joy, the one thing He is anticipating.

To understand what Jesus will receive we need to understand what He is looking for. This is revealed in scripture. It starts with the following statement about Abraham in relation to his sojourning and searching.

⁹ By faith he dwelt in the land of promise as in a foreign country, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise; ¹⁰ for he waited for the city which has foundations, whose builder and maker is God. Hebrews 11:9–10 (NKJV)

In faith Abraham dwelt in the land that would become Israel never finding what he was ultimately seeking. This city he was looking for was tied to a memory of Eden and a prophetic glimpse into what was to come. A paradise and city constructed by Yahweh with Yahweh dwelling in it. We will eventually come to the consummation of this theme.

After Abraham the theme of a dwelling place is picked up in Yahweh’s interactions with Moses then later also presented by Paul and Peter in expressing the purpose of the church.

⁸ And let them make Me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them. Exodus 25:8 (NKJV)

¹⁹ Now, therefore, you are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, ²⁰ having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the chief cornerstone, ²¹ in whom the whole building, being fitted together, grows into a holy temple in the Lord, ²² in whom you also are being built together for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit. Ephesians 2:19–22 (NKJV)

⁴ Coming to Him as to a living stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen by God and precious, ⁵ you also, as living stones, are being built up a spiritual house, a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. Ephesians 2:19–22 (NKJV)

In each of these three passages from scripture we see expressed the desire of Yahweh for a dwelling place and the fulfilling of it in the how He is building His church. He is shaping us as living stones into a spiritual house, His dwelling place. Next time we will look squarely at the deeper identity of this dwelling place and the fulfillment of what Jesus has long anticipated.

The Glory of His Inheritance Part 1

What does Jesus get out of all of this? I don’t know how many of us have considered that question but we see something of the importance of this issue in Hebrews. After showcasing the heroes of the faith and their sacrifices the writer of Hebrews encourages us to follow their example and then transitions to why Jesus endured the cross.

¹ Therefore we also, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which so easily ensnares us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, ² looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who for the joy that was set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God. Hebrews 12:1–2 (NKJV)

Jesus endured the cross because He saw joy beyond it. In Ephesians we get a glimpse of that joy in something Paul wrote about and prayed that we would each have enough revelation to grasp.

¹⁷ that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of Him, ¹⁸ the eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that you may know what is the hope of His calling, what are the riches of the glory of His inheritance in the saints, ¹⁹ and what is the exceeding greatness of His power toward us who believe, according to the working of His mighty power ²⁰ which He worked in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, ²¹ far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come. ²² And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church, ²³ which is His body, the fullness of Him who fills all in all. Ephesians 1:17–23 (NKJV)

Here in our western Christianity the passage above is frequently turned into a present-day prayer, the general theme being our seeking a spirit of wisdom and revelation. We want to grow in our Christian experience, which is a good thing. Yet there is more here. The passage is really about having a spirit of wisdom and revelation from the Father so we would grasp,

the riches of the glory of Jesus inheritance in the saints,
the exceeding greatness of His power toward us, the power that resurrected Jesus, and
Jesus’ authority over all the spiritual opposition in the heavenly places, now and forever.

The aspect we are going to focus on is “the glory of His inheritance in the saints.” What Jesus receives. To understand this, we need to look at a related scripture passage.

²⁸ And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose. ²⁹ For whom He foreknew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the firstborn among many brethren. ³⁰ Moreover whom He predestined, these He also called; whom He called, these He also justified; and whom He justified, these He also glorified. Romans 8:28–30 (NKJV)

What Jesus gets out of this, His inheritance, is believers conformed to Himself and ultimately glorified. Next time we will dig a little deeper into what that means and our role and responsibility in the process. For now, please pray for a spirit of wisdom and revelation to understand what Jesus receives.

Apologetics Part 6

Scriptural Timelines

As we conclude this series, I want to bolster our faith by looking at the timeline for the writing of the New Testament (NT). The Old Testament (OT) was translated to Greek about 150 years prior to Jesus beginning His ministry and there aren’t really any substantive challenges to the OT as a whole, though there are scholarly disagreements, more on timelines than the content. What is frequently challenged is the timeline of the writing of the NT. Many who disagree with the NT allege the books were written long after the events and not by the authors we have named. For example many deny the writers of the gospels were Matthew, Mark, Luke and John even though we have historic testimony to their authorship. They also allege the books of the NT were altered over time. I have asked many who make the assertion for evidence, none has ever been presented.

To respond let’s look at what we know about the timeline of the writing of the NT. We begin with two important passages.

¹⁶ All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, ¹⁷ that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work. 2 Timothy 3:16–17 (NKJV)

¹⁵ and consider that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation – as also our beloved brother Paul, according to the wisdom given to him, has written to you, ¹⁶ as also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things, in which are some things hard to understand, which untaught and unstable people twist to their own destruction, as they do also the rest of the Scriptures. 2 Peter 3:15–16 (NKJV)

In the first passage Paul informs us that all scripture is inspired, literally ‘God breathed.’ In our second passage Peter informs us that Paul’s writings are scripture. This is foundational in concluding that the NT is scripture. There are additional criteria the church has historically used, such as being written by an apostle or an associate of an apostle.

There have also been issues raised about how the NT books were selected by the church councils and how the Canon (rule) was finally established at the Council of Hippo in the 393, including modern criticisms about what books were left out. In a Remnant Radio podcast Craig Keener (Asbury Seminary professor and scholar) noted that the books weren’t so much selected as received. This is an important point. Some contend that truth was filtered out and certain ideas filtered in based on what books were accepted and rejected. However, that was not the criteria. The books that were received and incorporated as the NT were the books already in use by the church. The early church fathers in the second and third centuries quoted so extensively from the NT books in their writings that except for a handful of verses, if we had none of the thousands of manuscripts that we do have, we could reconstruct the entire NT except for these few verses. Astonishing for any ancient manuscripts. With our abundant NT manuscripts, we have an embarrassment of riches compared to any other ancient documents.

We now look more closely at when the books of the NT were written. It is often asserted that we don’t have evidence for the early writing of the NT. In fact, contrary to the assertion we do have evidence. We don’t possess the original manuscripts; they would have worn out through use, but they were copied and widely distributed. To understand the evidence, we start with something Paul wrote.

¹⁷ Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine. ¹⁸ For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain,” and, “The laborer is worthy of his wages.” 1 Timothy 5:17–18 (NKJV)

You have likely read this passage, what you may not have noticed is that the final phrase is a quote from Luke.

⁷ And remain in the same house, eating and drinking such things as they give, for the laborer is worthy of his wages. Do not go from house to house. Luke 10:7 (NKJV)

What this means is that Luke’s gospel had to be written and in circulation prior to Paul writing 1 Timothy in the mid 60’s AD. Acts ends with Paul in prison. Historically we know he was released in late 62 or early 63 AD, then rearrested and subsequently beheaded in 66 AD. This means he wrote 1 and 2 Timothy and Titus between 63 and 66 AD.

Strong attestation of the early writing outside of scripture is found in the quotations. Three of the early church fathers, Clement, Ignatius and Polycarp often quoted the NT. Writing between 95 – 110 AD they quoted from 25 of the 27 books of the NT.

For internal evidence Jesus predicted the destruction of the temple in Matthew 24:15-28, Mark 13:14-23 and Luke 21:20-24. The Romans besieged Jerusalem in 69 AD and in 70 AD the temple was destroyed. Rather a big deal in the Jewish world. Yet not a single NT writer references this fulfillment of Jesus prophecy. Imagine someone writing a history of modern Israel from 1948 to the present day and not referencing the horrors of October 27, 2023 and you get the idea.

Now we follow our timeline trail a little further. Luke completed Acts by 62 AD. Given his dedication of it to Theophilus and his reference to Theophilus of his earlier writing (Acts 1:1) we know Luke was written prior to Acts. Mark is generally viewed by scholars as the earliest gospel, though some claim it was Matthew. In any case we then have the synoptic gospels written within three decades of the events and Luke says he interviewed witnesses to the events (Luke 1:1-14). Galatians is dated to about AD 49, the Corinthian letters it the mid 50’s. In fact, with the exception of the Pastoral letters, 1 and 2 Timothy and Titus, all of Paul’s letters were written by 62 AD. Given that none of the NT books reference the destruction of the temple we are safe in holding that the NT writings were complete prior to 70 AD. The one exception being Revelation. Some hold it was written early; most date it to near the end of the first century AD. While it does not mention the destruction of the temple John was recording a vision so only included the details given to him by Jesus in the vision.

As an additional historical detail, we know the following. I mentioned Clement, Ignatius and Polycarp writing between 95 – 110 AD. More specifically, Clement wrote about AD 95 from Rome, Ignatius about 107 and Polycarp 110 (the latter two from Smyrna). The location is important as Rome was 100’s of kilometres from Smyrna. Geisler and Turek reference it this way, “Since Clement was in Rome and Ignatius and Polycarp were hundreds of miles away in Smyrna, the original New Testament documents had to have been written significantly earlier, otherwise they could not have circulated across the ancient world by that time.” [1]

We can now see that the NT was written early and used broadly by the church around the end of the first century so we can be confident that what has been passed down to us is scripture. We can be confident in our faith.

NOTE for those of you who would like to dig a little deeper here are some book/author/speaker recommendations. A very good one is I Don’t Have Enough Faith to be an Atheist by Norm Geisler and Frank Turek, Return of the God Hypothesis by Stephen Meyer, or any of his other works. The Case for Christ by Lee Strobel, or his other works. William Lane Craig is an expert on the Cosmological Argument, there are theological points where I disagree with him but in this area, he is very sound. Can Science Explain Everything by John Lennox. J. P. Moreland makes great philosophical arguments and cuts through pretensions. Two of his great books are Love Your God with all your Mind and Scientism and Secularism. Michael Behe’s book, Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution is another worthwhile read. You can find many online presentations and debates by these authors as well and most have their own websites. Additionally, I referenced Craig Keener in this final portion. Keener has written extensively but I deeply appreciate his writing on miracles. He has written and documented miracles in church history but also wrote an excellent book, Miracles Today: The Supernatural Work of God in the Modern World.

[1] Geisler, Norman L.; Turek, Frank. I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist (Foreword by David Limbaugh) (p. 236). Crossway. Kindle Edition.