I assume that at some point in time you have read or heard Paul’s admonition to ‘pray without ceasing’ and may have even attempted it. Let’s take a look at the context to get at what Paul was telling his readers, and by extension us.
16 Rejoice always, 17 pray without ceasing, 18 in everything give thanks; for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus for you. 19 Do not quench the Spirit. 20 Do not despise prophecies. 21 Test all things; hold fast what is good. 22 Abstain from every form of evil. 1 Thessalonians 5:16–22 (NKJV)
What is clear is that Paul cannot be referring to praying 24/7 because he also says, ‘Rejoice always’ and, ‘in everything give thanks.’ Three inclusive commands, leading to the obvious question, “Paul, what is it? Are we to be praying all the time, rejoicing all the time or giving thanks all the time?”
Always, without ceasing and everything are three different words in Greek but they all cover a broad inclusive category. Given that we can do none of them 24/7, let alone all three, let’s seek to understand Paul’s point. Paul’s sharing of the gospel at Thessalonica is recorded in Acts 17:1-9. He began preaching in the synagogue, a number of Jews were converted then a multitude of Gentiles. Meaning the congregation was made up of a mixed multitude but predominantly Gentile in ethnicity.
The Jewish converts had a background in terms of how to pray, the Gentiles may or may not have had one depending on their cultural roots. They would have all had an idea of a spiritual realm inhabited by God, gods or other spiritual beings. We don’t know specifically what Paul taught them regarding prayer but we can be confident that he taught them something given his command above.
So, how would they have applied Paul’s instructions? Paul began his letter encouraging them, referenced their faithfulness along with suffering and rejection for their newfound faith. He then encouraged them that Christ would return for them at some point in time and told them to comfort and encourage one another. This is the background for his closing thoughts.
In essence Paul addresses two things. The first is an attitude, one characterized by rejoicing, prayer and thankfulness, no matter their circumstances. The second is an exhortation to embrace, discern and test the things of the Spirit, not cynically but with the aforementioned approach, rejoicing, prayer and thankfulness. As far as possible he wanted their first response to be these three things, always.
For us that means we are called to embrace rejoicing, prayer and thankfulness in all seasons. That doesn’t mean we receive a cancer diagnosis and respond with ‘Praise the Lord.’ It does mean that we view our circumstances in light of both time and eternity. For example, I am just about at ten weeks post op for my second knee replacement. With my first knee I finally slept through the night after seven weeks. Yet as I write this, I have now not had a proper night’s sleep for the past 68 days due to the pain at night. I am not thankful or rejoicing that I cannot sleep properly. I am thankful that I had my knee replaced, confident that I will come through this and praying and seeking His face in relation to my need for better sleep. I know this is a difficult season in time that will have an end and that in the light of eternity is a miniscule moment. That is my present application of Paul’s admonitions. How are you applying them in your life?